Rani Hiriya Abbakka Chowta — Jain Queen of Ullal, Defender of Coastal Karnataka and Symbol of Fearless Women’s Leadership.”

JAIN CHOWTANI HIRYA ABBAKKA

The Fearless Queen of Ullal

Hirya Abbakka Chowta, remembered as Rani Abbakka of Ullal, was one of the most courageous women rulers of 16th-century Karnataka. She belonged to the Jain Chowta royal dynasty of Tulu Nadu, a dynasty associated with Jain traditions and a rich heritage of learning, culture and religious patronage.

Abbakka ruled the strategically important coastal kingdom of Ullal, near present-day Mangaluru. Its prosperous port attracted the Portuguese, who sought to establish control over the region's maritime trade. Abbakka refused to accept their demands and boldly defended the independence of her kingdom.

A gifted administrator and determined military leader, she organised the defence of Ullal and resisted repeated Portuguese attacks. Her courage earned her the revered name “Abhaya Rani” — the Fearless Queen. Her forces reflected the diverse society of coastal Karnataka, bringing together people of different communities in the defence of their homeland.

For Jain history, Abbakka represents a remarkable tradition of courage, leadership, self-respect and protection of society. Her life demonstrates that Jain heritage also produced strong women rulers who combined political responsibility with the values of dignity and justice.

Jain Chowtani Hirya Abbakka remains an enduring symbol of fearless womanhood and the proud Jain heritage of Karnataka.

“ABHAYA RANI — THE FEARLESS QUEEN OF ULLAL”